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Arab World English Journal (AWEJ) Volume 15. Number 3, September 2024 Pp.364-378
Academy of Language Studies, University Technology MARA, City Campus, Melaka, Malaysia
Academy of Language Studies, University Technology MARA, Campus Alor Gajah, Melaka, Malaysia
Academy of Language Studies, University Technology MARA, Campus Alor Gajah, Melaka, Malaysia
Academy of Language Studies, University Technology MARA, Campus Seremban, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
The purpose of this study is to explore the relationship between reading strategies and Bandura’s (1986) theory of Reciprocal Determinism. Previous research acknowledged the concept of Reciprocal Determinism as an effective teaching approach, however, limited research has been done to consider how reading is influenced by learners’ personal factors, behavior and environment. Based on four Research Questions, the study explores the perceived use of reading strategies by 225 undergraduates who completed a critical reading course at a local university. These learners of English as a Second Language responded to an online questionnaire adapted from Mokhtari and Sheorey’s (2002) Survey of Reading Strategies. Based on the learners’ ratings of the reading strategies, namely Global Reading Strategies, Problem-Solving Strategies and Support Strategies, the findings revealed that there is a significant relationship between the learners’ perceived use of reading strategies and the three factors of Reciprocal Determinism, namely Personal Factors, Behaviour and Environment indicating a cyclical effect that infuences learners’ reading comprehension. This exploration of reading strategies through this theory has pedagogical implications on how reading is taught to scaffold and help learners increase metacognitive awareness and self-efficacy. Overall, this study contributes to a further understanding of the importance of taking into account the three factors in a reading environment and the relationship between reading strategies and RD. Future studies could be an extension of how the cyclical effects of Reciprocal Determinism and reading strategies could be strategically integrated into the teaching of skilled and unskilled readers and in other learning domains.
Leong, I.Y.C., Singh, K.K.M., Yeap, C.K., & Vijayarajoo, A. R. (2024). Exploring ESL Learners’ Reading Strategies Based on the Theory of Reciprocal Determinism. Arab World English Journal, 15(3): 364-378
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Irene Yoke Chu Leong is an Associate Professor at the Academy of Language Studies at the University of Technology MARA, Melaka, Malaysia. She graduated with a B. A (Hons) degree in TESL from the National University of Malaysia in 1986 and in 1994, a Master’s degree from the University of N. Iowa, USA majoring in CAI. She obtained a PhD in CALL from Universiti Putra Malaysia in 2006. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0190-459X
Dr. Kuldip Kaur is a senior lecturer at the Academy of Language Studies, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Melaka, Malaysia. She graduated with a B.Ed (Hons) in TESOL from Moray House Institute of Education, Edinburgh, U.K. in 1998 and 2004, she obtained her M.Ed. in TESL from Universiti Teknologi Malaysia. She obtained her PhD in English Language from Universiti Putra Malaysia in 2019. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5663-7658
Dr. Yeap Chun Keat is a senior lecturer at the Academy of Language Studies, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Melaka, Malaysia. He obtained his Bachelor’s degree in Chinese Studies from the University of Tunku Abdul Rahman, Malaysia, in 2005. In 2007, he earned a Master’s degree in Library & Information Science from the University of Malaya, Malaysia, and in 2012, he completed his PhD in Linguistics and Applied Linguistics in Foreign Languages (Mandarin) from Minzu University of China, China.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8106-4406
Angeline Ranjethamoney Vijayarajoo is an Associate Professor at the Academy of Language Studies in Universiti Teknologi MARA, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia. She graduated with a B.A.(Hons) degree in English Literature from the University of Malaya in 1982 and 2000, obtained a Master’s Degree from Sheffield, the UK, and obtained her PhD in 2015 from the University of Malaya in 2015. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1854-7405