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Arab World English Journal (AWEJ) Special Issue on CALL Vol. 17, No.12. July 2026 Pp.379-399
English Language Department,
College of Arts and Literature, University of Hail, Hail Saudi Arabia
The role of information and communication technology (ICT) in education has evolved from being a basic tool to a transformative agent of learning, largely due to its rapid advancement. This is especially true in the context of teaching English as a foreign language (EFL), where digital tools can significantly improve learning outcomes and student engagement. However, the challenge remains in effectively integrating ICT to enhance rather than replace traditional methods. This study examines the implementation of the substitution, augmentation, modification, and redefinition (SAMR model) in EFL classes at secondary schools in Saudi Arabia. Using an explanatory mixed-methods approach, the study examines how educators apply the SAMR framework in this context. Data collection involves the use of surveys and interviews with female teachers to gather insights into their experiences and perceptions regarding the integration of ICT in EFL instruction. The study aims to understand the extent and nature of the SAMR model application and its implications for EFL teaching practices in Saudi secondary education. The significance of this study lies in providing insights into ICT integration practices to enhance digital EFL instruction in Saudi Arabia. The results show that ICT is primarily used as a substitute, with minimal at the other three higher levels. Inadequate infrastructure, limited access to devices, and excessive teaching workloads are the primary barriers to the effective use of higher-level ICT. The study recommends improving technological infrastructure, increasing access to digital resources, and supporting more effective implementation of higher levels of the SAMR model.
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Dr. Jawza Alshammari is an assistant professor in the English Language Department at University of Hail, Saudi Arabia. Her research interests include teaching and learning EFL and ESL, digital technology in EFL education, second language acquisition, learning theories and qualitative research. ORCiD ID: http://orcid.org/0009-0001-9322-8375